Crude Leaf Extracts as Plausible Mosquito Larvicides: A Search for Potential Sources from Angiosperms

Almost everyone has had the unpleasant experience of being bitten by a mosquito. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that approximately 2 million people succumb annually to diseases transmitted by mosquitoes. Some mosquito species are indirectly accounted for many viral diseases such as Malaria, Yellow fever, Chikungunya, West Nile fever, Dengue fever, Filariasis, Zika virus fever and other arboviruses, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Ehrlichiosis and Encephalitis. The recent outbreaks of Zika virus infections that caused extensive morbidity and mortality are linked with arrivals of important arboviruses in the Western Hemisphere. Malaria is a major disease burden on infants and young children in endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa and it causes at least 1 million deaths out of 350 to 500 million cases of malaria annually.