The Sanskrit Language : An Overview : History and Structure, Linguistic and Philosophical Representations, Uses and Users
Contents: Introduction. I. The Language: 1. The history of the language. 2. The structure of Sanskrit. II. Representations of Sanskrit and Philosophy of Speech: 1. Sanskrit and other languages. 2. The place given to Sanskrit in the world and in society. 3. Sanskrit and the transcended speech. III. The Users of Sanskrit: 1. Sanskrit as everyday language. 2. The Sanskrit man of letters, or Pandit. IV. The Uses of Sanskrit: 1. Spoken language. 2. Language of communication. 3. Scientific and technical language. 4. Literary language. 5. Religious language. V. The Expansion of Sanskrit: 1. The expansion in India. 2. The expansion outside India. Conclusion. Bibliography.
"The Sanskrit Language by P.S. Filliozat has the rare distinction of being both an introductory book and a new ground-breaking study. It is an introductory book because the reader gets an accurate overview of the language, and it is also a new ground-breaking study because Filliozat\'s approach harmonizes two different and complementary stands that often have been at war: the western historical and comparative approach and the indigenous pandita tradition. Sanskrit is described here from these two points of view: what the native speakers knew and felt about their language, and what the foreign scholars did discover in their historical and comparative quest.
In the Indian branch of the Indo-European family of languages, Sanskrit is unique by its antiquity and stability. It has remained a living language over four millenniums. It owes its quality to the efforts of linguistic awareness of the first poets and the learned who used it in the practice of the Vedic region. Right from the ancient times the grammarian Panini codified the procedures of formation of Sanskrit words. Some centuries later, his commentator Patanjali codified the procedures of interpretation of text. Sanskrit is properly the language generated and interpreted with such codes. The cultured Sanskrit user or Pandit is one who has not only learnt the language, but also knows to use it and to analyse it with the same tools. Thus Sanskrit has always been a powerful instrument of culture and intellectual creation. It has been the learned language of Pandits, a link language between the diverse regions of the entire Indian subcontinent, the medium of all scientific and technical knowledge, a language of religious teaching and practice. It has spread over the whole of Asia to the East of Iran.
This book, by taking into account the western and the Indian view, offers a very balanced presentation of its subject and reflects the latest tendencies in indological studies. The richness of Sanskrit comes here in all its fullness: both as a living tool of expression and as an outstanding member of the Indo-European family." (jacket)
